Industrial wave approaching 4.0, emerging technologies will permeate every aspect of the industry. This will form a flexible, but a personalized, intelligent production. To achieve the intelligent direction of industrial transformation, can not do without the support of information and communication technology.
Industry 4.0 that is a combination of ICT and the CPS
"Industry 4.0" is the need to achieve the ultimate goal of manufacturing transition to intelligent direction; "smart" idea is "Industry 4.0" core. "Industry 4.0" can be divided into two parts, the first part is the "smart factory", focusing on intelligent production systems and processes, as well as a distributed network of production facilities. The second part is the "intelligent production", mainly involving the entire enterprise production logistics management, human-computer interaction and 3D technology in the industrial production process and so on.
Industry 4.0 for mobile communications, it is not a strange word, it is the "integration of the two" are closely related. In the study of the development of 4G and even 5G in next generation mobile communication, mobile communications have been exposed to similar concepts; and the practice of Industry 4.0, in turn, contribute to their innovative mobile communications and development.
German academia and industry on the "Industry 4.0" a more unified interpretation of the concept of following the mechanization, electrification, and information technology to intelligent manufacturing dominated the fourth industrial revolution. Mainly refers to information and communication technologies (ICT) and information combined with physical systems (CPS), and the transition to the intelligent manufacturing, centralized control to decentralized control basic mode enhanced transformation, and ultimately to create a highly flexible personality and digital products and services production.
ICT technology, namely information and communication technologies. In recent years, ICT technology rapid development of new concepts, technologies are emerging, has been applied to various fields, industries, and plays a huge role. Information physical systems (CPS), including intelligent machines, storage systems and production facilities, each part can be independently automatic exchange of information, trigger action and control. The Internet of Things, services, networks and data network is "Industry 4.0" basis.
A plurality of coupling of ICT Industry 4.0
4.0 in promoting industrial development process, CPS is facing a variety of issues, related to information and communication technologies can be summarized into the following main issues: a heterogeneous integration of heterogeneous problem, two massive issues, three in real time. issues. For these aspects, there are some relevant ICT technology can solve or improve them.
Heterogeneous network convergence (integration of heterogeneous heterogeneous problem)
Equipment and devices to achieve mutual communication networks in industrial environments are heterogeneous heterogeneity need to first consider the issue. Heterogeneity refers to the requirements of different types of wireless technologies (such as Internet, WSN, etc.) can be interconnected, and to ensure quality of service. Heterogeneity refers to the requirements of different companies, different functions of the device hardware is not compatible with each other in the absence of differences in circumstances interoperability. Since the whole industrial environment is an intelligent network by a number of a communication, computing, precise decision control equipment consisting of, seen across the communication network also has a high degree of complexity.
CPS in different service areas that need support different communication modes, which requires a different standard ICT provide the appropriate mode of communication, the Internet and the virtual world to achieve a wide range of embedded devices interconnected between. Through the integration and coordination between networks of heterogeneous networks separate, local capabilities and resources advantages orderly integration, and ultimately everywhere, omnipotent an intelligent network. In heterogeneous networks, each communication node with self-routing function, to form a self-organizing, self-managing, self-healing, self-balancing intelligent network. Because each device can perform the integration of heterogeneous heterogeneous good communication between each other exchanges, in the case of coexistence of different networks, you can also integrate and optimize the allocation of resources, the use of better performing network communication, to achieve a more efficient resource utilization.
Provided (Mass issues) services for large data, cloud computing
In the industrial environment 4.0, the level of information industrial enterprises increasing, more and more information on the amount of data, a variety of equipment and instruments to generate massive amounts of data to the information processing requirements are increased. Now emerging big data, cloud computing can solve this kind of ICT just massive data issues.
Big Data technology strategic significance lies not grasp the huge data, with its emphasis on data "processing capacity", a large number of specialized data processing, is that it can be converted into useful information. Build a big data platform in an industrial environment, this can improve plant for different devices to collect vast amounts of information in a timely manner of handling, increased computing power and data capacity to digest information systems, industrial development 4.0 is useful role. And big data best suit the needs of local industry 4.0 is not just its "big", but the key is that the integration of the analysis and use of its data. It also highlights the Industry 4.0 good intelligent direction.
Cloud computing is a model for business computing, distributed computing tasks will constitute a large number of computer resource pool, so that the system can obtain a variety of applications as needed computing power, storage space and a variety of software services. We can use the hydro resources like computing and storage resources, like the use of cloud computing to solve the storage space in the data center can not meet the needs of the industrial environment issues.
Short-range low-latency technology (real-time problem)
Because access to the mobile device will cause the device status changes randomly, so the need for real-time dynamic reorganization of the physical device, it is high time for the calculation of the uncertainty and parallelism requirements of network real-time requirements are very high. There are some ways to meet these requirements:
Multi-hop communication methods, combined with Proactive routing protocols for routing requests to reduce latency. Its advantages are: instant messaging, easy to deploy, saving energy or bandwidth resources, self-organizing ability and fault-tolerant, self-healing capabilities, low cost networking.
Active innovation in the new air interface design Soft Defined Air Interface (SDAI), the core of which is capable of facing the business and content to adaptively adjust or restructuring frame structure, duplex mode, multiple access scheme, waveform and modulation coding process modules to achieve multiple performance and resource allocation optimization. This aspect is currently 5G research priorities and focus.
You can also deploy dedicated short-range communications transmission technology, the more representative is ZigBee. As a new short-range, low-rate wireless communication network technology, which is mainly used for short distance, low power consumption and data transfer rates are not high, and a variety of electronic devices typically have periodic data, intermittent data and low latency data transfer applications.
By ICT technology in wireless network deployment and communication innovations, new air interface protocol design, and low-power low-cost real-time communication technology, industrial 4.0 pairs short distance low latency requirements.
Mobile communication network carries Industry 4.0
Industry 4.0 will introduce a large number of physical components have mutual communication capabilities, the need to achieve intelligent manufacturing through interdisciplinary and trans-regional carrier network, but also has a high safety and reliability requirements. The mobile communications network because of its wide coverage, rich infrastructure, high reliability advantages, there is likely to be one of the main bearer network industry 4.0. In addition, Industry 4.0 on a variety of heterogeneous network convergence needs, but also with the development of ideas for next generation mobile communication networks coincide.
Innovative ICT Industry 4.0 technology is the cornerstone of steady development. Under its "power", intelligent manufacturing, even in the vast area which needs to solve a variety of needs is no longer confused can not solve the problem.
Countries around the world are scrambling to develop science and technology integration in an attempt to occupy the high ground of future industry. Germany, the United States, Japan and other countries have advanced manufacturing and advanced work in layout, while China would like to seize the opportunity in Industry 4.0 wave, inseparable from information and communication technology support. Through the integration of information and communication technology, the future of industrial intelligence community must be able to become a reality.
(The author is professor of Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, State Key Laboratory of Networking and Switching Technology, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications Commission Zhang Ping, associate professor, Dr. Zhang Zhi)
Reprinted from "China Electronics News"
